The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn, By Samuel Clemens, Also Known As M

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Samuel Clemens, otherwise called Mark Twain, is most likely perhaps the best work of American writing at any point composed. Ernest Hemingway even said in his book The Green Hills of Africa, All cutting edge American writing originates from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn (Zwick). In any case, since Twain distributed Huck Finn 112 years back, it has been the subject of much analysis, generally all unreasonable. The Concord, Ma, prohibited the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Open Library following its distribution in 1885. They said the book was unpleasant, course, and inelegant...The entire book fit more to the ghettos than to canny decent individuals (as cited in Clemens 285). Since the first restricting of Huck Finn, it has been tested and prohibited ordinarily everywhere throughout the nation. Much inquiry has been brought against Huck Finn with regards to its fittingness for the understanding open, and some of it which is all well and good. Huck isn't as solid in his ethics as our folks and teachers would most likely like him to be. He is associated with a few demonstrations of burglary. For instance, not long after the start of his excursion along the waterway, he would go shorewards and he lifted a chicken that warn't perching comfortable... (Clemens 56). Huck smokes and cuts school. (Clemens 9 and 18) He participates in lying, when he mimics a young lady to visit St. Petersburg and when he tells the abundance trackers that Jim is white and suggests that he has smallpox (Clemens 51 and 75). He lies numerous different occasions all through the novel; Huck is a terrible guide to kids who may peruse this book. Huck's arrangement to escape from Pap's lodge in the forested areas, which includes spreading pig's blood everywhere and causing it to appear as though a homicide ha d happened, is a simple plan for any keen youth to frighten his folks with (Clemens 31). In October of 1997, a ninth grader in Hollister, California obtained cash from his folks and utilized it to travel to Hawaii. His mom accepted that the kid got the thought from his saint, Tom Sawyer (Zwick). Pundits guarantee that the book is brimming with thoughts that cause receptive kids to do things like that (Ockerbloom). Rivals despite everything have increasingly negative contentions about the substance of the book. Leslie Fielder, an abstract researcher, accepts that Huck and Jim take part in some kind of gay relationship on the pontoon (Fielder as cited in Clemens 416). The way that Huck and Jim only occasionally wore any garments on the pontoon just further proves this thought. Furthermore, Twain proposed Huck Finn to be a hilarious novel. In any case, the vast majority of the diversion, particularly towards the finish of the book in the Wilks siblings con, is in poor taste and inelega nt Boston Transcript. Twain's making jokes about the Hare-lip, and the long legged under taker scene were not approved of at time of distribution, however are not as much reprimanded now (Clemens 139 and 144). Today, the primary issue with The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is the way that the book contains nigger in excess of multiple times all through the novel. As of late as last February, the Pennsylvania part of the NAACP drove a charge against Huck Finn to have it expelled from required and discretionary school understanding records. Yet, while considering the issues in question, one must remember that this book was written in an alternate time from that which we live in today. There was nothing of the sort as politically right. Nigger was a word utilized ordinarily and audaciously in those days. Things being what they are, how might we hold a book composed over a hundred years back to the artistic measures of today? Huck Finn is definitely not a bigot book, regardless of Huck's underlying supremacist point of view. Through the course of the novel, Huck picks up progressively more regard for Jim, yet at the same time gives some supremacist perspectives once in a while. After the conflict with Jim over the scriptural story of ole' King Sollermum, Huck comments that you can't gain proficiency with a nigger to contend, in this manner inferring Jim's idiocy (Clemens 65 and 66). All through the book, Huck pulls pranks on Jim, which are likewise intended to cause Jim to feel inept. Towards

Was World War 2 Essays - Military History By Country,

Was World War 2 A Conitnuation Of World War 1? One could make the contention that World War II was only a continuation of World War I, regardless of the reality an exceptionally late one. Around twenty years isolated the two yet the impacts of World War I verifiably added to the beginning of World War II, for example, the Treaty of Versailles and the quest for intensive thoughts (Fascism and socialism) because of the horrible states of various nations after the Great War. Publically notwithstanding, the two wars are viewed as discrete clashes. Then again, it could be contended that, except if you annihilate everybody on one side, the finish of a war consistently leaves incomplete business that are the seeds of the following war. World War I depended on government, militarism, and patriotism. The war occurred in Europe as its fight grounds. It began with the death of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in the year 1914 during his movements to Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. Bosnia was in the exceptionally south-east corner of the Austrian realm and a few people there needed to be autonomous from Austria and set up their own state which could run itself. Franz Ferdinand had been cautioned that his visit could incite inconvenience yet he overlooked this counsel and visited Sarajevo in any case. As was normal at that point, he went in an open bested vehicle. Precisely one month following the death, Austria-Hungary proclaimed war on Serbia. The war partitioned Europe into two equipped camps - on one side was the Triple Alliance made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy, and their foe was the Triple Entente of France, Russia and Great Britain. As different nations joined sides, the Triple Alliance got known as the Central Powers and the Triple Entente turned into the Allied Forces. The United States endeavored to stay nonpartisan and was a defender for the privileges of impartial states. Independent international strategy was supported by Congress' misgivings about giving different nations a political entryway into US approaches and the social mixture of the United States' populace. Regardless of these elements, the United States entered World War I, because of a few occasions. In 1917 upon the investment of The United States, with about one million soldiers in the line before the finish of the war, the American nearness at long last persuaded the Germans that the war couldn't be won; they had figured out how to win a war of wearing down with France and Britain, yet the inundation of a perpetual flexibly of American soldiers implied that there was no chance Germany could win. By November 1918, the composing was on the divider and on 11 November 1918, the firearms fell quiet along the whole line as a cease-fire was marked, flagging the finish of the war. In January President Wilson made a trip to Paris for the harmony meeting that would prompt the Treaty of Versailles, he came outfitted with his Fourteen Points, a hopeful intend to reorder Europe with the United States as a model for the remainder of the world. He neglected to increase the vast majority of what he needed as the French and British were progressively disposed towards a vindictive harmony, requiring repayments from Germany, than to any optimistic solicitations of the United States. The League of Nations, the one triumph Wilson oversaw at the gathering, was never supported by the United States Senate, and, without the United States, it flopped as a feeble association that crumbled notwithstanding German and Japanese hostility during the 1930s. Before the finish of World War 1, finished the four significant supreme forces - The German, Austro-Hungarian, Russia and Ottoman domains. The German and Russian domains lost a considerable measure of land and regions, while the other two were pulled separated. The guide of Europe was redrawn with a few autonomous countries reestablished or made. The League of Nations shaped with the goal of forestalling any return of such a terrible clash. This objective fizzled, with debilitated states, recharged European patriotism and the mortification of Germany adding to the ascent of extremism and the conditions for World War II. (5) It has been composed that World War I left Germany bankrupt

How to Tell if Your Child Shows Symptoms of Depression

How to Tell if Your Child Shows Symptoms of Depression Depression Childhood Depression Print How to Tell If Your Child Shows Symptoms of Depression Loss of energy and withdrawal may signal a problem By Lauren DiMaria linkedin Lauren DiMaria is a member of the Society of Clinical Research Associates and childhood psychology expert. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren DiMaria Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 29, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 03, 2020 Kaori Ando/Getty Images More in Depression Childhood Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms to Look Out For Causes How to Help View All Back To Top If you think that your child is depressed, it is important to look carefully at your childs symptoms. Depression symptoms can sometimes appear differently in a child as opposed to an adult, so it can sometimes be tough to spot the signs. Knowing what to look for can help you identify signs of depression so you can seek help. Symptoms to Look Out For Symptoms of depression in children tend to be a bit different than those for adults. Where low mood and loss of pleasure are often the two primary symptoms in adults with depression, kids are more likely to experience primary symptoms such as irritability and physical complaints.?? Other symptoms of childhood depression include difficulty focusing and making decisions, extreme shyness, clinging to a parent, feeling hopeless, unexplained physical complaints, sleeping problems, appetite changes, and thoughts or actions of self-harm. If your child or someone else you know is having thoughts of suicide, contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255). If you suspect that your child might be depressed, keep an eye out for the following signs. Sadness Children may become sad about many things such as lost relationships, school work, failures, missing out on something, moving, or loss of a friend, pet, or loved one. Try to identify what your child is sad about and provide support. If symptoms of sadness improve or disappear after just a few days, they are probably not related to depression.?? Depressed children may have a general sense of sadness about their life and their future, or they may not be able to identify what they are sad about. They may cry a lot or tear up frequently for no obvious reason. Feelings of sadness that last longer than two weeks are a reason to talk to your childs pediatrician. Withdrawal From Friends and Family Most children will change friends at some point and spend varying amounts of time with their parents. As children go through puberty, they naturally pull away from their families and start identifying more with peers. This is an important developmental step that should not be confused with social withdrawal. When social withdrawal is associated with depression, it can contribute to a childs negative social experiences, which can reinforce depressive symptoms (such as worthlessness or feeling like no one likes or understands them).?? Children who are depressed may dramatically pull away from friends, family, and others who they were once close to.?? They tend to keep to themselves and avoid interactions altogether. They may stop participating in class, social, and extracurricular activities. What to Do When Kids Become Socially Withdrawn Losing Interest in Activities They Once Enjoyed Your child may naturally lose interest in things they once loved, like a favorite toy or TV show, or suddenly declare that they no longer want to engage in a favorite activity. This is different from a child with depression. A depressed child has a hard time finding joy or excitement in anything.?? Your child may be indifferent to almost everything. Kids who are depressed often seem like they are just going through the motions without any joy or pleasure in what they are doing. Feeling Misunderstood Every child will feel misunderstood at some point in time. A depressed child may feel that there is no one who can understand their feelings or that it is pointless to even try to talk about them. Your child may fear trying new things, speaking out, or sharing ideas out of fear of rejection, misinterpretation, or ridicule.?? Academic Decline Children may have academic highs and lows over time. Remember that during times of transition to middle school or high school, course work may become more challenging. A depressed child may have a significant decline in grades.?? Missing school, trouble paying attention, or simply failing to do work are all reasons for such declines in grades. This may be more apparent in a child who had been a high academic achiever in the past. Lack of Energy Everyone gets tired, especially after busy days, hard work, late nights, illnesses, and exercise, but a depressed child may seem to always lack energy and motivation.?? Even after an appropriate amount of sleep, a depressed child may complain of being tired, move slowly, or take a disproportionate amount of time to complete a task. Guilt Feelings of excessive and unrelenting guilt are common in children with depressive disorders, such as  major depressive disorder, depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, and dysthymia.?? A child with depression may blame themselves for anything that goes wrong, even if it is out of their control. Guilt can also contribute to feelings of sadness,  worthlessness, and  hopelessness. If your childs guilt seems to be worsening, lasts longer than two weeks, and is present with other signs of depression, seek out your doctor or mental health professional. Worthlessness Children with depressive disorders may feel worthless frequently or for long periods of time, especially following a negative event. Children who experience feelings of worthlessness typically think they are weak, inadequate, or flawed. Children who feel worthless may believe that they are inherently bad and that everything they do is wrong.?? They may not put any effort into their schoolwork, engage in unstable relationships, or not even try to connect with others because they believe that their efforts will fail or cause additional problems. Feelings of worthlessness or other symptoms of depression for more than a week or two may require treatment from your childs pediatrician or mental health provider. Impulsivity and Aggression For some depressed children and adolescents, their emotions may cause them to feel angry toward the people or things that they believe are the sources of their pain. This can lead to impulsive and aggressive reactions. Impulsive behaviors are quick reactions to events (usually negative) without regard for consequences. Impulsive behaviors often, but do not always, lead to aggressive actions. Aggressive behaviors may be directed inward in the form of self-injury, or at someone or something else through angry outbursts, harassment, property damage, or violence.?? Causes Childhood depression is a complex condition that has many causes. A number of different factors can contribute to the onset of depression in kids. Depression affects many children. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that 3.2% of kids between the ages of 3 and 17 have been diagnosed with depression.?? Some of the risk factors that can contribute to childhood depression include: Family history: Having close family members and relatives with depression increases the risk of experiencing childhood depression. One 30-year study found that those with the highest risk of depression were those with two previous generations of family members with depression.??Brain chemistry: Imbalances in certain neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine can play a role in causing depression.Stress: Life events such as moving and divorce can play a role in causing childhood depression.Environment: A chaotic or unstable home life can be a risk factor for depression, as can experiencing social isolation or bullying at school.Physical health: Health conditions, particularly chronic illnesses such as type 1 diabetes, can increase the risk of experiencing childhood depression.?? Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression How to Help If you think that your child may be depressed, consult with your pediatrician, who can evaluate the symptoms, rule out an underlying medical illness, and recommend the appropriate treatment. Here are a few things that you can do to help your child cope with feelings of depression. Monitor Your Childs Moods Watch for symptoms such as sadness, irritability, loss of pleasure, change of appetite, change of sleep habits, tiredness, feelings of worthlessness, and thoughts of death. Talk to a health professional if your child shows such signs. Provide Reassurance Let your child know that depression is nothing to be ashamed of; depression is an illness just like the flu and getting the right treatment can help kids get better. Encourage Your Child to Talk About Feelings Give your child the right to have these feelings. Children can easily get the idea that its not OK to feel depressed and start to hide their feelings rather than deal with them in a healthy way. Teach Your Child Its OK to Ask for Help Kids need to know that there will be help available when they need it. Give them a list of people they may talk to such as yourself, a teacher, or a counselor. Never Minimize Your Childs Feelings It may seem small to you, but what counts is how it feels to your child. Listen and be a source of support. Watch Your Own Behavior Be aware of the impact your own responses to life are having on your child. Your child learns coping skills by watching you. A Word From Verywell It can be difficult to know whether your child is depressed or having a mild reaction to a negative event, but you are not alone. Many parents struggle with understanding what their child is thinking and feeling. Fortunately, there are many ways to find support and treatment. An Overview of Childhood Depression

Analysis Of We Wear The Mask - 910 Words

We Wear the Mask by Paul Laurence Dunbar, is a rhythmic poem that uses its melodic tone to address the excruciating misery and suffering Black people lived through during the 19th century. The facade of normality they had to wear during such an oppressive time is symbolized through Dunbar’s use of a â€Å"mask†. This theme is similar to the memories that are hidden and locked away in the novel â€Å"Beloved† by Toni Morrison. In Beloved, music has a similar yet unique role to the rhythm in We Wear the Mask. Music in Beloved acts as an expressive catharsis that characters employ to vocalize their innermost painful memories, that otherwise would be suppressed and ignored to carry on with daily life. The rhythmic nature of Dunbars poem suggests that†¦show more content†¦Not only does Dunbar speak of the turmoil of one person but what makes this poem so controversial in fact, is that he sheds light on the experiences of the tortured people of an entire race with the use of the plural form of the first person â€Å"we†. Similar to the poem, Beloved uses melodic tones for a unique purpose. Much like the melodic tone used in We Wear the Mask, Beloved uses songs(negro-spirituals), to express feelings character would often otherwise not have the ability to vocalize. Paul D, out of all the other characters in this novel may sing the mosts. It was some time before he could put Alfred, Georgia, Sixo. schoolteacher, Halle, his brothers, Sethe, Mister, the taste of iron, the sight of butter, the smell of hickory, notebook paper, one by one, into the tobacco tin lodged in his chest. By the time he got to 124 nothing in this world could pry it open.(133) As this quote illustra tes, and as we’ve seen throughout the novel, Paul D has constant trouble talking about his past as a slave and the traumatizing events that have happened to him, so he keeps all of his memories and emotions locked away in his â€Å"tobacco tin box†(a figurative replacement for his heart.). â€Å"Was that it? Is that where manhood lay? In the naming done by a white man who was supposed to know?†(147) As a slave under theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of We Wear The Mask851 Words   |  4 Pages Paul’s Dunbar poem â€Å"We Wear the Mask† is one of his many famous works published in 1896, first African American poet writer. He was the son of two former slaves, born in Dayton, Ohio, who escaped slavery and was the only color student during his high school years. During his life of being an African American, he faced many aspects in life, such as discrimination, and being denied as well as his own kind were during the Harlem Renaissance. Dunbar’s poem â€Å"We Wear the Mask† corresponds to his lifeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem We Wear The Masks 842 Words   |  4 Pagesthat it would be?† Every day we make decisions that affect us and everyone around us. Sometimes the decisions we make are influenced by the people around us. There are influences that we see and some that are perpetuated on our thinking. The poems convey the importance of being true to oneself regardless of others opinions. Everyone you meet is not necessarily who you think they are. Many hide their fears and aspirations just like the speaker in â€Å"We Wear the Masks†. This poem was written in 1896Read MoreAnalysis of a Poem â€Å"We wear the mask† Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesAmber Davis Professor Quirk Literature 101 February 28, 2013 We Wear the Mask The lyric poem â€Å"We wear the mask† by Paul Laurence Dunbar is a poem about the African American race, and how they had to conceal their unhappiness and anger from whites. This poem was written in 1895, which is around the era when slavery was abolished. Dunbar, living in this time period, was able to experience the gruesome effects of racism, hatred and prejudice against blacks at its worst. Using literary techniquesRead MoreAnalysis Of Barbie Doll And We Wear The Mask1147 Words   |  5 Pages​â€Å"There are two ways to be fooled. One is to believe what isn’t true; the other is to refuse to believe what is true.† - Soren Kierkgaard. â€Å"Barbie Doll† by Marge Piercy and â€Å"We Wear The Mask† by Paul Laurence Dunbar are two pieces of poetry that vocalize the issues of ignorance and unrealistic social standards within society. Marge Piercy is a well-known novelist, poet, memoirist and activist. She was born on March 31st, 1936 in Det roit, Michigan into a family of labor workers, activists and creativeRead More Analysis of We Wear the Mask by Paul Laurence Dunbar Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of We Wear the Mask by Paul Laurence Dunbar â€Å"We Wear the Mask† by Paul Laurence Dunbar is a renowned piece of literature that has been the subject of various literary criticisms over the years. Because of the poem’s indirectness and generalized ambiguity, the interpretation of the â€Å"we† that wears the â€Å"mask† and why they do so is left unanimously undisclosed. It is up to the interpreter and the support given by the interpreter to produce a valid representation of the meaning thatRead MoreThe Mask We Wear: An Analysis of Sonnet 138 Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pagessonnet as a play where the characters are covered by masks. Furthermore the sonnet illustrates that through lies, characters are able to hide themselves and become something they are not. By changing oneself, one gives into mediocrity, because if one puts on a mask to be like everyone else, then that individual will never be able to be themselves. Although â€Å"Sonnet 138† depicts the speakers’ willingness to settle for false love and put on a mask, Sonnet 138 depicts a relationship that its very survivalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem We Wear The Mask By Paul Laurence Dunbar1539 Words   |  7 Pageshave hid from emotions; by putting on a false expression to mask the feeling of embarrassment, shame, pain or fear. Like the saying goes, â€Å"Don’t judge a book by its cover† by Bo Diddley. Don’t assume the happy, jubilant, joyous expressions that someone is expressing is real. Emotions are part of everyday life, but not everyone feels the need to express themselves honestly. In the poem â€Å"We Wear the Mask† by Paul Laurence Dunbar, the mask symbolizes the imaginary wall slaves hide behind for survivalRead MoreThe Language of the Black Condition and All Conditions: Paul Laurence Dunbar’s â€Å"We Wear the Mask†984 Words   |  4 PagesPaul Laurence Dunbar’s poem, â€Å"We Wear The Mask† cleverly talks of the black condition in a language so universal that it could apply to any race of people that tries to hide their emotions from the world in order to survive. Dunbar argues for the reality of the black man’s plight in America, the black mans struggle for equality in the world, and the struggle for peace within. These are circumstances of the poet’s life that influenced his writing of the poem. PARAGRAPH 2: Background informationRead MoreShadows On The Skin : A Study Of Dually Randall And Paul Laurence Dunbar957 Words   |  4 Pagesthat harsh time. A careful analysis of â€Å"We Wear the Mask† and â€Å"Ballad of Birmingham† expose that the shadows cast on their skin has a lasting impression. Dunbar and Randall both use interesting imagery in their poems to display how the character truly feels. In the â€Å"Ballad of Birmingham,† stanzas such as â€Å"Her eyes grew wet and wild†(26) and â€Å"Drawn white gloves on her small brown hands â€Å"(19) are used to display visual imagery to the reader. Likewise, â€Å"We Wear the Mask† contains visual imagery whenRead MoreWe Wear The Mask By Paul Laurence Dunbar925 Words   |  4 PagesDunbar’s spectacular poem, We Wear the Mask, contains a central valid argumentative point of which many disagree. Many critics believe that Dunbar was particularly writing to slaves or to African Americans who had experienced racism as if this race of people are the only ones who put on masks in front of others. However, Dunbar’s poems should be seen as one written for a universal audience because the poem can apply to anyone who has ever felt pain. The simple word choice â€Å"we† and â€Å"our † support this

How to Make Homemade Lye Using Two Ingredients

Lye is a chemical used for a variety of purposes, including making soap, performing chemistry demonstrations, making biodiesel, curing food, unclogging drains, disinfecting floors and toilets, and synthesizing drugs. Because it can be used to make illegal drugs, lye may be hard to find in a store. However, you can make the chemical yourself, using a method popular in colonial days. The resulting lye is potassium hydroxide. Lye can be either potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. The two chemicals are similar, but not identical, so if you are making lye to use for a project, make certain its potash-based lye you need. Materials for Making Lye You only need two ingredients for making homemade lye: AshesWater The best ash comes from hardwood trees or from kelp. Softwoods, such as pine or fir, are better if you want to use the lye to make a liquid or soft soap. To prepare the ash, simply burn wood completely and collect the remains. You may also collect ash from other sources, such as paper, but expect chemical contaminants that may be undesirable if the lye is to be used for soap. Safety Information You can adapt the method using materials available to you, but keep in mind three important points: Use glass, plastic, or wood to process and collect the lye. Lye reacts with metal.The process gives off noxious vapors, especially if you heat the lye to make it more concentrated. Make lye outdoors or in a well-ventilated shed. This is not a project you want to undertake inside your home.Lye is a corrosive strong base. Wear gloves and eye protection, avoid inhaling vapors, and avoid skin contact. If you splash lye water on your hands or clothes, immediately rinse the affected area with water. Process To Make Lye Basically, all you need to do to make lye is soak the ashes in water. This yields a slurry of residue in a potassium hydroxide solution. You need to drain the lye water and then, if desired, may concentrate the solution by heating it to remove excess water. In summary: mix the ash and water, allow time for the reaction, filter the mixture, and collect the lye. One method that has been used for hundred of years, if not longer, is to use a wooden barrel with a cork near the bottom. These are available from brewing supply stores. Place stones at the bottom of the barrel.Cover the stones with a layer of straw or grass. This serves to filter the solids from the ash.Add ashes and water to the barrel. You want enough water to fully saturate the ashes, but not so much that the mixture is watery. Aim for a slurry.Allow the mixture to react 3 days to a week.Test the concentration of the solution by floating an egg in the barrel. If a coin-size area of the egg floats above the surface, the lye is sufficiently concentrated. If it is too dilute, you may need to add more ashes.Collect lye water by removing the cork at the bottom of the barrel.One way to increase the concentration of the solution is to run this liquid through ashes again.If you need to concentrate the lye, you can either let water evaporate out of the collection bucket or you can heat the solution. Its okay to use a cast iron or stainless steel pot. Modern adaptations of the old technique involve using plastic or glass buckets with spigots rather than wooden barrels. Some people drip rainwater from a gutter into the lye bucket. Rain water tends to be soft or slightly acidic, which helps with the leaching process. Its not necessary to clean out the reaction barrel or bucket to make more lye. You can keep adding water or ashes to produce a constant supply of the chemical.

House of Hades Free Essays

Now, in this next instalment in the Heroes of Olympus, The House of Hades, Percy and Annabeth must cross the most miserable place unimaginable with the help of the Titan Bob, hile their demigod friends aboard the Argo II still fghts their way through the Mare Nostrum-or as mortals call it-the Mediterranean Sea. Both are standing at crossroads. In about a month, the Roman demigods will march to Camp Half-Blood to begin war, and Gaea will finally rise. We will write a custom essay sample on House of Hades or any similar topic only for you Order Now The stakes are higher than ever in this adventure that dives into the depths of Tartarus. Our dear Uncle Rick has done it again. He has created the most gripping tale by far in his Percy Jackson world. The demigods not Just have to battle horrifying and terrifying monsters, but also their wn true fears – something much worse than having a physical wound. Even though we have met some of the characters in the last series, they still never fail to surprise us in every chapter. Rick carefully developed their personalities and characteristics, such as when Percy Annabeth’s love was challenged as they travel through Tartarus, and also Nico’s shocking revelation. Percy will also experience the consequences of what he has done in the past years that he thought at first was the ight thing to do-consequences involving losing Annabeth forever. For the new characters, Rick showed us their different sides and aspects. We may think we really know them, but we will find them walking the different path than they might have expected. Each character was written with care, showing their deepest secrets, and the friendships relationships aboard the Argo II continues to blossom. The House of Hades will leave readers and fans anticipating for the next instalment, The Blood of Olympus, which is set to release next fall 2014. How to cite House of Hades, Papers

Baron Coburg Case free essay sample

1. Whose financial statements should we prepare (e. g. , the baron, vassals, farms, etc..? ) Solution: The financial statements will be prepared for â€Å"Vassals† i. e. for Ivan and Frederick and additionally for â€Å"Baron†. 2. What financial statements should we prepare? Solution: The financial statements which should be prepared are as following: ? Income Statement ?Statement of Retained Earnings ?Statement of Cash Flows ?Balance Sheet 3. What period do these statements cover and why (e. g. , year, quarter, month, etc..? ) Solution: The statements will cover two quarters. ?1st Quarter – Summer: When the farmers will grow the wheat. Quarter – Fall: When the wheat will be harvested. 4. What currency are these financial statements going to use? Solution: The currency used for the financial statements is â€Å"Bushels of Wheat†. 5. Who/ What would be the modern day equivalent of the Baron? Solution: Modern day equivalent of Baron would be private equity firms or investors who invest in businesses to gain maximum value for their investments. 6. Who/ What would be the modern day equivalent of the vassals? Solution: Companies, corporations or even managers can be considered as modern day equivalent to vassals. 7. Who/ What would be the modern day equivalent of the ox? Solution: Non-current assets which is utilized to manufacture or to increase the efficiency of work with a depreciation value can be considered as modern day equivalent of the ox. More precisely, equipment would be a perfect example of modern day ox which has a depreciation value over time. 8. Answer Financial Statements of Ivan: Beginning Balance Sheet for Ivan Ivan Beginning Balance Sheet For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) ASSETS Current Assets Seed20 Fertilizer2 Non-Current Assets Ox40 Land100 Total Assets162 LIABILITIES0 STAKEHOLDERS EQUITY Barons Contributed Capital162 Total Liabilities and Stakeholders Equity162 Income Statement for Ivan Ivan Income Statement For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Revenue Wheat produced243 Operating Expenses Seed Used20 Fertilized Used2 Ox (Value 40 Bushels, 1 Year Depreciation = 4)4 Plow Usage 3 Total Operating Expenses 29 Net Income214 Earnings per share(Net Income / # of Shares; = 214/162 = 1. 32)1. 32 **** Assuming every bushel contributed by Baron is worth 1 share **** Statement of Retained Earnings for Ivan Ivan Statement of Retained Earnings For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Beginning Balance, Retained Earnings at the Start of the Period0 Add: Net Income for the period 214 Total214 Less: Dividends or Withdrawals Barons withdrawal (20) Total Deductions(20) Ending Balance Retained Earnings at the end of the period194 Cash Flow Statement for Ivan Ivan Statement of Cash Flows For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Indirect Method Cash Flow from Operations Net Earnings214 Depreciation of Ox4 Plow Usage3 Decrease in Inventory – Fertilizer 2 Net Cash Flow from Operations223 Cash Flow from Investing Activities Plow Purchase0 Net Cash Flow from Investing Activities0 Cash Flow from Financial Activities Baron Withdrawal (20) Net Cash Flow from Financial Activities(20) Net Increase (Decrease) during the period 203 Balance at the Beginning of the period 20 Balance at the end of the period223 Ending Balance Sheet for Ivan Ivan Ending Balance Sheet For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) ASSETS Current Assets Seed223 Fertilizer0 Non-Current Assets Ox36 Land100 Total Assets359 LIABILITIES A/C payable 3 STAKEHOLDERS EQUITY Barons Contributed Capital162 Retained Earnings194 Total Liabilities and Stakeholders Equity359 Financial Statements for Frederick: Starting Balance Sheet for Frederick Frederick Beginning Balance Sheet For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) ASSETS Current Assets Seed10 Fertilizer1 Non-Current Assets Ox40 Land50 Total Assets101 LIABILITIES0 STAKEHOLDERS EQUITY Barons Contributed Capital101 Total Liabilities and Stakeholders Equity101 Income Statement for Frederick Frederick Income Statement For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Revenue Wheat produced138 Operating Expenses Seed Used10 Fertilized Used1 Ox (Value 40 Bushels, 1 Year Depreciation = 4)4 Plow Usage 1 Total Operating Expenses 16 Net Income122 Earnings per share(Net Income / # of Shares; = 122/101 = 1.21)1. 21 **** Assuming every bushel contributed by Baron is worth 1 share **** Statement of Retained Earnings for Frederick Frederick Statement of Retained Earnings For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Beginning Balance, Retained Earnings at the Start of the Period0 Add: Net Income for the period 122 Total122 Less: Dividends or Withdrawals Barons withdrawal (30) Total Deductions(30) Ending Balance Retained Earnings at the end of the period92 Cash Flow Statement for Frederick Frederick Statement of Cash Flows For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Indirect Method Cash Flow from Operations Net Earnings122 Depreciation of Ox4 Plow Usage1 Decrease in Inventory – Fertilizer 1 Net Cash Flow from Operations128 Cash Flow from Investing Activities Plow Purchase (3) Net Cash Flow from Investing Activities(3) Cash Flow from Financial Activities Baron Withdrawal (30) Net Cash Flow from Financial Activities (30) Net Increase (Decrease) during the period 95 Balance at the Beginning of the period 10 Balance at the end of the period 105 Ending Balance Sheet for Frederick Frederick Ending Balance Sheet For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) ASSETS Current Assets Seed105 Fertilizer0 Non-Current Assets Ox36 Total Assets193 LIABILITIES A/C payable to Feyedor for Plow0 STAKEHOLDERS EQUITY Barons Contributed Capital101 Retained Earnings92 Total Liabilities and Stakeholders Equity193 I am adding Baron’s Income Statement and Balance Sheet as well. Baron Balance Sheet For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) ASSETS Current Assets Wheat328 Non-Current Assets Ox72 Land150 Plow2 Total Assets552 LIABILITIES A/C payable for Plow3 STAKEHOLDERS EQUITY Barons Contributed Capital263 Retained Earnings286 Total Liabilities and Stakeholders Equity552 Baron Income Statement For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) Revenue Wheat produced381 Operating Expenses Seed Used30 Fertilized Used3 Ox (Value 40 Bushels, 1 Year Depreciation = 4)8 Plow Usage4 Total Operating Expenses45 Net Income336 Earnings per share(Net Income / # of Shares; 336/263)1. 28 **** Assuming every bushel contributed by Baron is worth 1 share **** 9. How should we measure the performance of the vassals in this case? What can we use this information for? Solution: In order to measure performances of the vassals, we can apply financial ratios such as return on assets, return on equity, net profit margin, assets turn-over ratio on the vassals’ financial statements. These calculations have been completed (see below). The following financial ratios can be utilized to determine and analyze which vassal is more effective, efficient and delivered higher returns to investor i. e. Baron. Debt Ratio = Total Debt / Total Assets Ivan: 3/359 = . 0083565 = 0. 8% Frederick: 0/193 = 0. 00 = 0. 0% Debt Ratio is a ratio that indicates what proportion of debt a company has relative to its assets. According to the above analysis, since Frederick has Debt ratio of 0 because he has no debt, in regards to Debt Ratio he has performed better. Return on Assets = Net Income / Total Assets Ivan: 214/359 = . 596 = 59. 6% Frederick: 122/193 = . 6321 = 63. 21% Return on Assets Ratio is a ratio that is an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. According to the above analysis, Frederick has Return on Assets ratio of 63. 21% as compared to Ivan’s 59. 6% which indicates that his net profit is higher compared to the total assets he had. Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales Ivan: 214/243 = 0. 8806 = 88. 06% Frederick: 122/138 = 0. 8840 = 88. 40% Profit Margin Ratio is a ratio of probability calculated as net income divided by revenues or sales. It measures how much out of every dollar of sales a company actually keeps in earnings. According to the above analysis, Frederick has slightly higher Profit Margin i. e. 88. 4% compared to 88. 06%, which implies that Frederick has retained higher profits based on his wheat production. Asset Turn-over Ratio = Sales / Average Total Assets Ivan: 243/260. 5 = 0. 9328 = 93. 28% Frederick: 138/147 = 0. 93877 = 93. 88% Asset Turn-over ratio is the amount of sales generated for every dollar’s worth of asset. As given above, it is calculated by dividing sales by average total assets i. e. assets at the beginning of the period and assets at the end of the period divided by 2 to find the average. As per the above analysis, Frederick has slightly higher Asset Turn-Over ratio therefore it implies that Frederick has generated better bushels of wheat over his average total assets than Ivan. Production of Wheat Per Acre = Wheat Production / Land in Acres Ivan: 243/100 = 2. 43 Frederick: 138/50 = 2. 76 Production of wheat per acre is a ratio being used to find out who has performed or generated more wheat based on the land provided. In this case, Frederick has performed considerably better than Ivan, his production efficiency on the per acre basis is better than Ivan. 10. Using your answer to the previous question analyze the performance of Ivan and Frederick. Who was the better manager of the two? Solution: Based on the above financial ratios and explanations provided, it can be concluded that Frederick is a better manager than Ivan. Frederick has shown better debt ratio, return on assets, profit margin, asset turn-over ratio and production of wheat per acre which clearly indicates that he has been more efficient than the comparative percentages related to Ivan. 11. How will the answer to question 10 affect our strategy in the future? Solution: As an investor, in future, to achieve maximum value for the capital investment, it will be more profitable and less perilous to invest more in Fredrick than Ivan. For next season, Baron should give 100 acre of land to Frederick and 50 acre of land to Ivan. It could also have been concluded that since Frederick had been a better manager, Baron should devise a strategy to provide all the material and land to Frederick, but, it will mean putting all the eggs in the same basket which would not be the best strategy to implement, assuming what if Frederick will have a poor season, Baron will lose the opportunity to break-even.

Procurement and Supply

Introduction Setting the right terms and conditions is crucial for any business cooperation, whether it is procurement and supply or a short-term agreement for a single operation. The success of any activity highly depends on the preciseness of the terms and conditions upon which the partners agree. In case the relevant terms are wisely worked out both parts are likely to benefit. It is particularly important that the offered terms and conditions fix all the key points of an operation, such as time limits, quality standards, fixed pricing, and ethical policy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Procurement and Supply specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the meanwhile, it is vital to work out the reasonable set of terms and conditions that can be equally accepted by both parts. Moreover, while working out the following set, one is particularly interested in ensuring the prevalence of the set conditions and ter ms over those of the other part. Therefore, one suggests analyzing a set of terms and conditions in the context of their capacity to prevent potential risks and difficulties. The Risks of Poor Quality One of the primary points that any terms and conditions should include is managing the quality risks. Any client is primarily interested in the goods he or she orders, while other factors are additional. The quality of a product largely determines the customer’s willingness to continue the collaboration. Therefore, a set of terms should be initially aimed at stating the standard of quality that will satisfy both the supplier and the customer. As long as the phrase â€Å"poor quality† is initially ambiguous, one is to lay a particular emphasis on the quality aspect while working out a set of terms and conditions. Thus, it seems to be reasonable to include the term â€Å"defect† in the contract so that the vague formulation â€Å"poor quality† is eliminated. O ne can describe in details the expected quality and all the discrepancies with the stated standard will be, consequently, regarded as defects. Moreover, it is important to note that the terms and conditions should essentially exclude the possibility of changing one’s requirements regarding the quality. In other words, the client cannot demand to receive a product of a higher quality than the standard that he or she initially accepted. As to suppliers, they likewise cannot change the standard quality of their products even if the transformations are claimed to be positive. Moreover, the supplier might provide a standard warrant for the customer that will guarantee that the latter will receive compensation in case he or she manages to prove the existence of the defect. It is also important to set a reasonable deadline for the following warrant the length of which depends on the character of the goods supplied. Otherwise, suppliers might have to pay for the defects that they are not responsible for – various damages that appear due to the customer’s indelicate handling or the expired service life. Thus, such companies as Menlo Systems provide their clients with a 14-day warrant along with their electronics (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.36). Another vital aspect that the terms and conditions essentially elucidate is the indication of the part that is responsible for the â€Å"poor† quality. In other words, the supplier should not be obliged to pay for the defects that are caused due to the fault of the customer, so this point is to be included in the terms and conditions as well. As long as it is highly problematic to find the part that is responsible for the defect, one suggests that the state of the good’s quality is monitored at every stage of the procurement and supply chains.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Specialists note that the quality issue has three main aspects that should be necessarily enlightened in any terms and conditions: defining, ensuring and managing (Sollish and Semanik 189). On the whole, most of the standard terms and conditions cover all the three points. Hence, the primary aim of this document is to describe the quality of the provided good as detailed as possible. Such an explicit description will help to avoid the client’s claim relating to the poor quality. As to the ensuring aspect, the supplier is to take the responsibility for providing the described quality of the goods, which means that one is equally in charge of the production of the item and its delivery. The managing aspect can be handled with the help of monitoring the item’s quality at every stage of the supply chain. According to the relevant terms and conditions, the potential defects are to be fixed by the part that is responsible for the particular stage of supply . Meanwhile, the defect issue should have a thorough and precise formulation in the terms and conditions. Otherwise, the customer might want to return the product due to its wrong size or color that cannot be regarded as a defect. Thus, for example, Menlo Systems states that their warranty does not cover the minor order discrepancies such as the size and the color of the purchased product. As a consequence, their clients cannot claim for a refund, although the company can agree to perform the necessary replacement (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.41). The Risks of Extension of Time Apart from receiving a high-quality product the customer is equally interested in the timely delivery. The aspects of quality and time are closely connected; therefore, the extension of time is one of the most important issues on the terms and conditions list. The terms and conditions should, one the one side, protect the client from unwanted delays and take into account all the urgent inc idents that the supplier might face, on the other side. Specialists point out that time risks play an important role in the procurement and supply process and can cause significant financial loss in case one does not pay due regard to them (Harland and Walker 57). As a consequence, one suggests that the issue of the extension of time is formulated in the terms and conditions as precisely as possible. First of all, the terms and conditions should introduce the notions of â€Å"permissible delay† and â€Å"crucial delay† in order to differentiate the extent of the supplier’s responsibility in both cases. Thus, for example, the supplier might initially state the permissible extension of time that will take into consideration the possible unexpected incidents. The permissible extension is to be identified in accordance with the character of the supplied goods. Some specialists claim that considerable part of contracts does not include the aspects of time extension i n the terms and conditions at all. In this case, any discrepancy with the initially set deadline can lead to setting a penalty (Van der Puil and van Weele 216). One suggests that the terms and conditions enlighten all the types of potential extensions of time. Therefore, whereas the permissible delay is admitted by both the parts, in the case of crucial delays the supplier is obliged to return the money paid for the goods. Hence, for example, Menlo Systems’ terms and conditions do not include the separate point that would describe the possibility of the extension of time. It means that both the client and the supplier are obliged to act within the set deadline; the abuse of the accepted conditions will be regarded as the nonfulfillment of the contract (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.21).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Procurement and Supply specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The R isks of Increased Costs Whereas the terms defining the time and quality issues are equally accepted by both parts, the question of cost often becomes the sticking points. The supplier’s and the customer’s interests are naturally different when dealing with the pricing aspect. A supplier is likely to insist on the pricing policy that will be most beneficial for him or her while a customer is mainly concerned about possible increased costs. One should necessarily note that the issue of increased costs is one of the most ambiguous aspects that should be included on the terms and conditions list, and the neglect of this point can lead to crucial disagreement between the supplier and the client. On the one hand, the terms and conditions are aimed at protecting a client from unregulated cost increases. On the other hand, a supplier frequently has to increase the initial cost due to the unfavorable conditions such as the growing prices of the raw materials or the delivery ser vice. Therefore, on suggests that the terms and conditions include the point of permissible rise that will equally fit the interests of both parts. Moreover, one can also state the precise time period during which the possibility of the growing prices is excluded. Specialists tend to believe that the best way to manage the following issue is to exclude the increased costs within the period of the contract validity. Thus, the terms and conditions of a short-term contract can be put more precisely and work more efficiently in comparison with the long-term agreements the terms and conditions of which can hardly be altered (Ochonma 20). Meanwhile, a supplier receives more benefits if the point of increased costs is not included on the terms and conditions list at all. In such a manner, a supplier receives the right to raise the cost of the offered products or services in accordance with the current conditions. Thus, for example, the standard terms and conditions of Menlo Systems do not have a point that would explain the increased costs issue (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.20). As a consequence, one suggests that the best way to handle the increased costs issue is to work out a short-term contract the terms and conditions of which will exclude the possibility of increased costs. Such a decision is likely to be equally beneficial for both a supplier and a customer. Thus, the latter will be thoroughly protected from extra fees during the contracts, and the supplier will receive a chance to monitor the applied pricing policy and make the necessary allowances as soon as it expires. The Risks of Unethical Practice The problem of ethical behavior in business activity is very complex and complicated. One is likely to face a series of difficulties while trying to fix the terms and conditions in a way that they are able to regulate the cases of unethical practice and actions efficiently. The major problem is that it is almost impossible to predict what th e potential unethical action will be like. Marianne Jennings notes that the worst aspect of the unethical practice is that it is often legal and, thus, can hardly be restricted (42). The legality of unethical behavior makes it difficult to include the relevant points on the terms and conditions list so that they fit both the parts. One should necessarily point out that the most challenging aspect of including such points in the contract is formulating them as precisely as possible because every minor ambiguity can turn out to do significant harm to the business relations.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, one suggests that it is still possible to avoid the most typical unethical actions in case they are reasonably included on the terms and conditions list. Therefore, while working out the terms and conditions, one can include the point that obliges the supplier to warn the client of the existing drawbacks that the offered product has. The practice shows that most companies still tend to neglect the ethical points; therefore, one can hardly find the relative points in the majority of the standard terms and conditions. Thus, for example, Menlo Systems’ terms and conditions do not enlighten the issue of unethical behavior either the supplier’s or the customer’s one (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.38). Meanwhile, some specialists note that the question of unethical practice is of more significance that one might assume. The wide-spread device that implies â€Å"hidden costs† can likewise be considered as an unethical practice (Je nnings 2010). Therefore, one presumes that the best way to avoid potential unethical activity one has to be highly precise while formulating all the price and time conditions. The more detailed the relevant terms are, the fewer opportunities one has for unethical practices. The Battle of Forms As long as the terms and conditions are worked out, it is equally important that they are accepted by both parts. The â€Å"battle of the forms† concept is one of the most typical problems that appear in business practice. Whereas, theoretically, the offer and the acceptance are to coincide, the practice shows that things are often different, and the parts have to spend a lot of time on negotiations trying to come to an agreement. Thus, the single discrepancy in the two contracts might result in a client’s switching to another supplier (â€Å"Battle of the Forms† par.1). Whereas the necessity to come to an agreement seems to be beyond any doubts, each part is still interes ted in promoting its own terms and conditions. In order to ensure that any agreement is carried out under one’s own terms and conditions, one should necessarily include the relevant point on the terms and conditions list. Hence, the initially set proviso that the relevant conditions should prevail over the terms of any other contract is likely to eliminate potential problems and disagreements. However, one should necessarily point out that the relevant point on the terms and conditions list of a supplier might contradict significantly with the interests of potential clients. Therefore, it is reasonable to include the following point only on condition that the company has a large client base and is sure of the customers’ loyalty. According to the analysis of the examples of standard conditions and terms lists of different companies, one might note that most of them include the point determining the prevalence of their terms over those of their clients. Thus, for example , Menlo Systems indicate the essential condition that the supplier’s terms should be regarded as uncontestable in the case of any discrepancies with the clients’ interests and conditions (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.47). Monitoring and Management As long as the terms and conditions are accepted by the parts, it is crucial that both the supplier and the client follow them. The best way to monitor the relevant performance is to include the special point on the terms and conditions list that would determine the proper measures in case of offending the conditions of a contract. Some specialists note that the introduction of large fines is the most efficient tool for preventing the terms and conditions’ nonfulfillment (Atkin and Adrian 123). Furthermore, the terms and conditions should also enlighten the question of ending the business partnership and describe all the actions that one needs to perform in order to do that. Thus, one suggests that t he terms and conditions do not allow any part to end the cooperation unless one of the partners was informed in advance and all the extra fees were duly paid. Meanwhile, one should necessarily note that efficient monitoring is most probable in those cases when one deals with a short-term contract. In other words, one should have an opportunity to alter the terms and conditions and adjust them to the current environment. As long as the monitoring shows that some of the contract’s points work improperly, one cannot exclude them from the terms and conditions list until the contract expires. Therefore, one suggests that apart from introducing various measures of control, one should also work out the point that allows changing the initial terms and conditions upon the agreement of both the supplier and the client. The study of various companies and their terms and conditions shows that the majority of standard lists mention the measures that should be taken unless all the points o f the contract are followed. Thus, Menlo Systems suggests that any violation is to be compensated by a relevant fine regardless of the part that has carried it out (â€Å"Standard Terms and Conditions† par.50). Conclusion Therefore, setting out good terms and conditions can become a determining factor of the performance’s efficiency. The more detailed the accepted terms are, the more positive and confident both parts will feel. It is presumed that the relevant procedure should be regarded as the priority for any entrepreneur (â€Å"Setting out Good Terms and Conditions for Your Small Business† par.2). One should necessarily point out that the set of terms and condition is likely to help a supplier avoid a series of potential challenges and difficulties in case it is thoroughly worked out. Thus, for example, the analysis has shown that the most significant points that should be particularly considered are the issues of time and cost. The delays and the unexpected cost growing can lead to a crucial problem in any business relationships. Moreover, it is equally important to make sure that one’s terms and conditions will have a prevailing power over those of the other part. The majority of specialists agree upon the point that the set of terms and conditions is of primary importance for any business relationships (Wincel 21). Works Cited Atkin, Brian and Adrian Brooks. Total Facility Management, Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons, 2014. Print. Battle of the Forms 2002. Web. Harland, Christine, Richard Brenchley and Helen Walker. † Risk in Supply Networks.† Journal of Purchasing Supply Management 9.1 (2003): 51-62. Print. Jennings, Marianne. Business: Its Legal, Ethical, and Global Environment, Mason, Ohio: Cengage Learning, 2010. Print. Ochonma, Ernest. Procurement and Supply Chain Management: Emerging Concepts, Strategies and Challenges, Bloomington: AuthorHouse, 2015. Print. Setting out Good Terms and Conditions fo r Your Small Business 2013. Web. https://www.theguardian.com/small-business-network/2013/feb/06/terms-and-conditions-small-business. Sollish, Fred and John Semanik. The Procurement and Supply Manager’s Desk Reference, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, 2012. Print. Standard Terms and Conditions 2015. Web. https://www.menlosystems.com/legals/standard-terms-and-conditions/. Van der Puil, John and Arjan van Weele. International Contracting: Contract Management in Complex Construction Projects, London: World Scientific, 2013. Print. Wincel, Jeffrey. Lean Supply Chain Management: A Handbook for Strategic Procurement, New York, New York: Productivity Press, 2004. Print. This research paper on Procurement and Supply was written and submitted by user Thunderball to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Proven MBA Essay Tips for Outstanding Application

Proven MBA Essay Tips for Outstanding Application Proven MBA Essay Tips for Outstanding Application Writing an MBA essay in order to get into a business school is more about expressing your true self than following any sort of predetermined set of rules. However, it’s good to keep in mind that even though you are not restricted in your writing, it’s still a good idea to think twice about everything you want to include in your application essay. Luckily, there are some proven MBA essay tips that can help you get on your way and start writing that application paper. Let’s take a look at some of them, and keep in mind that you should adapt each one to who you are and what business school you are applying to; don’t take them for granted. Research your school Assuming that you’ve settled with applying to a particular business school, it’s important to do some research before writing your MBA essay. Every school has a different set of expectations and knowing what they are will give you a competitive edge towards other applicants. You can even go a step further and do some research about the school itself. Including some of these facts subtly in your application essay will show the admission board that you are a person who does their own research and does a thorough job of choosing his or her future school. This will make them feel grateful for your initiative. Reflect and plan ahead Writing your MBA essay might take longer than you think, since it will require that you sit down and talk with yourself. That’s right; you need to get to know the real you in order to write a perfect application essay, MBA or not. Think about everything you’ve been through so far and what makes you tick. Why do you want to go to business school? Why that particular school? Every answer that you come up with should go to your notepad for further use once you start writing the actual MBA essay. Fortunately, there are sources out there that can give you useful MBA essay tips on what the admission office will look for the most. Take your time to carefully plan your application essay and not rush anything before you are confident that you are ready. Be constructive and critical The most important element of your application essay is the section in which you list everything you are good at and not so good at. This is the part where you put your ego on the side and be very honest with yourself. No one is perfect, and realizing that you’re not perfect is the first step in knowing who you are and becoming better at it. Business schools are always on the lookout for self-aware and self-confident people who are willing to improve themselves and not let their inner pride take over. Modesty and humble thinking will always win over pride, so make sure that you have a good balance of both. Be yourself when you write your application essay. You are applying for business school, but you’re also human and you are allowed to convey feelings and express thoughts. Forward-thinking and visionary students are always welcome at any business school. Write cohesively You will want to say a lot of things in your MBA essay and it’s important that all of it feels like a whole. You can’t start your application paper with one tone of voice and end it on a completely different leg. This will show that you are nervous and unsure of yourself. While that may be the case with many applying students, there are services out there that help students format and proofread admission essays in order to make them presentable. You can write whatever you are obliged to write and send them your paper in order to make it more cohesive. Just keep in mind that you can do the same by yourself as well; all you need is a clear head and some online research about what an MBA essay format should look like. Answer the questions Try not to lose yourself in your thoughts when you write your MBA essay. The questions given to you on the application should be the guidelines for your application essay. The school wants you to answer questions in the most direct way possible, and often these questions are not easy. â€Å"Where do you see yourself in ten years time?† is anything but easy to answer. What’s even worse than not answering is writing something completely different and losing the point of your answer. It’s also a good idea to be unique in the way you write your answers. Try to use synonyms and critical thinking by describing your personal skills in a new way. If you’re an avid reader, this shouldn’t be a problem, since reading is the best way to expand your vocabulary and give you new ways of expressing your thoughts. You need to read and reread each question carefully in order to get a better understanding of what is being asked of you. Some MBA essay samples out there might give you a clearer picture of how you should write your paper, but keep in mind that anything you write should be your original thought. Don’t quote and paraphrase anyone; try to answer the questions with your own thoughts. This will show the admission board that you are honest and self-aware individual who is not afraid of who he or she is. Ask for help Whether it’s your parents, your school counselor or a favorite professor; be sure to ask for help and plenty of it. The people who know you will give you fresh insight into who you are and what kind of people skills you have. Since you’ve decided to go to college, many people will be happy to approach you and give you MBA essay tips since this could be the factor that makes or breaks your application essay. Make sure to ask for help from anyone that you think might give you any form of useful advice. Another good way of ensuring that your MBA essay is written correctly is to have your professor read it and gives you feedback. After all a professor will tell you exactly what he or she would look for in an application essay. Once you are satisfied with your writing, it’s time to check your MBA essay format one more time before submitting it. Make sure to check the paper for any grammar or proofreading errors. These will make you look unprofessional, and business school admission boards don’t like unprofessional applications.

Use of Robot in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Use of Robot in Business - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that robots are performing task allocation and bridge building work which can be compared with the algorithms of ants. For this purpose swarm bot has been implemented in the business industry. Swarm bot is nothing but the collection of simple robots which are using to carry heavy weighted objects and these are also helpful in planetary exploration and search & rescue operations. This essay outlines that robots are used in manufacturing cars. Apart from that it is used in many other types of electronic goods which are used for domestic purposes. For example this is used in vacuum cleaner which is required to clean the rooms. Now the automobile manufacturing companies and the vacuum cleaner manufacturing companies are using these robotic equipments in a wide range so that they can provide improved item to its customers. In the hospital business and in the medicine field robot plays a very important role. For example – Neuro Arm is such kind of robotic equipment which can do both biopsy-stereotaxy and micro surgery. This will bring success to generate more business in a modern hospita. Foxconn, the famous i-phone manufacturing company in Taiwan expanded the automation in its manufacturing plants and is going to implement more than one million robots in next three years for improving the productivity. There are so many benefits for using robot in the busi ness activities. Robot can increase the quality of products and services. It can improve the standard of supplier materials; create more efficient and effective manufacturing units and plants.

Children's Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Children's Literature - Essay Example Science was starting to understand some of the great mysteries of life and becoming capable of explaining them in ways that didn’t depend upon the church. Political structures throughout the world had undergone significant changes within living memory and were not yet fully settled. Women began to band together against their oppressed status and philosophers were beginning to puzzle out a greater understanding of the human mind and the way it works. The child, up to this point, had often been considered either a sinful and wild creature or a miniature adult yet these new advancements revealed the child was instead something still developing. There was a â€Å"veritable explosion of information about this period of physiological and cognitive development in human beings† in which literature became â€Å"a central vehicle for expressing ideas about the self and its history† (Steedman 5). The introduction of magic and fantasy through the fairy tale and other stories proved quite effective in teaching children important life lessons in a way they could understand as can be seen in stories such as J.M. Barrie's Peter Pan and Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland. Breaking away from mundane experience through the introduction of fantasy and the magical realm enables authors to personify and exaggerate various behaviors, values and character traits. This provides children with a more accessible avenue to comprehending complex concepts while remaining in keeping with their varying levels of understanding. Although cognitive ability is known to be present at birth, it continues to improve upon skills acquired throughout the preschool years in order to apply and adapt to things that exist outside of the self. There are four main categories of skills developed during this period (Santrock). The first to develop are self help skills in which the child learns to take care of their daily needs such as getting dressed. They also learn social help skills in which they begin to perceive the importance of helping others such as taking part in household chores and demonstrating their ability to think outside of themselves. Academic skills also develop as the child builds analytical skills such as those necessary for mathematics and logic. The final main category of development refers to play skills. These skills enable the child to further perfect previously learned skills by participating in play and physical activity. They also end up placing themselves in situations in which they must analyze situations quickly and accurately to achieve the desired goals. Through such activities, they significantly improve their speech and communication skills as well as comprehension, vocabulary, pronunciation and sentence construction. These are all ideas brought forward in Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland (1865) and J.M. Barrie’s Peter Pan (1904). Many of the early fantasy novels such as Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan are frame stories. These are stories that reveal a collection of adventures tied together by a unifying thread of narrative. The popularity of this format for these kinds of stories exists in the ability of the frame to reveal the connection between the real world and the world of fantasy. It provides a means of breaking through the adult paradigms of reality that are

The Central Nervous System: Structure and Functions

The Central Nervous System: Structure and Functions Hayley Sterling The structure of: The Central Nervous System The brain and spinal cord make up the Central Nervous System (CNS). The term central is used because it assimilates information from the whole body and coordinates activities across the entire organism. The brain is enclosed in and protected by the skull (cranial cavity). From the back of the brain, the spinal cord flows down, passing through the spinal canal and stopping down in the lumbar region. The brain and the spinal cord are protected by a triple layered membrane, this is known as the meninges. Sensory, connector and motor neurones. Like all living organisms, humans can respond to their environment. There are two control systems that work together to accomplish this the nervous system and the hormonal (endocrine) system. Breathing, production of digestive enzymes, memory and intelligence are examples of things controlled by the human nervous system. The nervous system is composed of nerve cells, known as neurones.       The details of each of the neurones can be seen in the images above. Each neurone has similarities and differences when it comes to length of fibres, location and their function. The Sensory neurone has long dendrites and short axons, is located within the cell body (dendrites outside of the cell body) and the cell body is located within the dorsal root ganglion. The function of the sensory neurone is to conduct impulse to the spinal cord. The interneuron has short dendrites and has either a short or long axon. It is located entirely within the spinal cord (central nervous system). Its function is to interconnect the sensory neuron with the motor neuron. The motor neuron has short dendrites and long axons. The dendrites and cell body are located within the spinal cord, whereas the axon is outside of the spinal cord. Its function is to conduct an impulse to the effector (gland or muscle). Axons and Dendrites the opposites of each other. Axons take information away from the cell body and Dendrites bring information to it. Axons have a smooth surface, Dendrites have a rough one. Only usually 1 Axon per cell, multiple Dendrites per cell. Axons have no Ribosomes, and Dendrites do. Axons can have Myelin insulation, Dendrites do not. Axons branch far away from the cell body, Dendrite branch closely to the cell. How nerve impulses are transmitted The ultimate function of nerve cells (neurones) is to transmit signal from sense organs, such as the eyes and skin, to the central nervous system then from the CNS to the effector organs. Neurones are made up from a cell body, from here small projections protrude, these are called dendrites. There is one lengthened dendrite called an axon, the axon is usually protected in an electro-insulating compound known as myelin this will speed up the signals. The end of the axon, spreads into may branches, this means that the signals can be delivered to multiple target cells at once. This can be seen in the image below: An electrical current carries the neuron, which then transmits the signal. The role of chemical transmitters in enabling impulses to cross synapses Chemical Synapse. A fluid filled space known as a synaptic cleft separates two membranes. These are referred to as pre and post synaptic membranes. The above image shows the pre and post synaptic membranes. An electrical impulse comes from the axon of the pre-synaptic membrane. This in turn causes the nerve-ending of the neuron to release chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The chemicals proceed to diffuse in the synaptic cleft, before binding with receptor molecules on the next neuron.   They receptor molecules of this neuron will only bind with the specific chemicals given from the first neuron. This will then stimulate the next neuron to replicate the process. Voluntary and reflex actions Voluntary actions require a message from the brain, before being able to carry it out. For this reason, they are slower than a reflex action. Most actions carried out by our body are voluntary actions, for example choosing to walk in a certain direct to avoid danger or obstacles. Reflex actions are in-voluntary and do not require thought in order to be processed. Reflex actions occur in response to a stimulus, for example when touching a hot surface, we automatically react by removing contact from the surface, before our brain actually recognises that the surface is hot. The role of the autonomic nervous system The inside of the body is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Information is transported about the inside of the body to the central nervous system. It also controls internal organs such as our heart, stomach and liver etc. Homeostasis is where the bodys internal environment is maintained safely. This is done through balancing levels of temperature, oxygen in the blood, blood sugar and salt concentration. The autonomic nervous system is instrumental in ensuring homeostasis occurs in the body. Another vital role of the autonomic nervous system is displaying physical signs of our emotional expressions. An example of this is when were emotionally excited our heart rate may increase, blood pressure may rise, and our mouth may become dry. The autonomic nervous system has 2 divisions. The emergency system formally known as the Sympathetic division and the housekeeping division known as the parasympathetic division. The parasympathetic divisions action is usually always the opposite of the Sympathetic division. The sympathetic division prepares our body to give out energy in order to protect itself from the effects of injury. The parasympathetic division will complete actions such as reducing heart rate and reduce blood pressure where necessary. Effects on transmission of nerve impulses from caffeine Caffeine is known as a stimulant, caffeine can be found in coffee, cola, energy drinks, cannabis and amphetamines. Caffeine/stimulants increases the rate of transmissions of signals from one cell to another. This will increase our alertness, as well as our breathing and heart rate. Lon term affects include us producing highs but these can also be followed by extreme lows. Extreme lows can progress further and lead to depression. References Aviva.co.uk. (2017). Medical Encyclopedia Function: Voluntary and Involuntary Responses Aviva. [online] Available at: http://www.aviva.co.uk/health-insurance/home-of-health/medical-centre/medical-encyclopedia/entry/function-voluntary-and-involuntary-responses/ [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Bbc.co.uk. (2017). BBC GCSE Bitesize: How synapses work Higher. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_pre_2011/brain_mind/informationrev2.shtml [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Bbc.co.uk. (2017). BBC GCSE Bitesize: Stimulants, sedatives and painkillers. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/edexcel_pre_2011/health/drugsandhealthrev4.shtml [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Biologymad.com. (2017). Nervous System Intro. [online] Available at: http://www.biologymad.com/nervoussystem/nervoussystemintro.htm [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Boundless. (2017). Synaptic Transmission. [online] Available at: https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-nervous-system-35/how-neurons-communicate-200/synaptic-transmission-763-11996/ [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Indiana.edu. (2017). AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM. [online] Available at: http://www.indiana.edu/~p1013447/dictionary/ans.htm [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Newman, T. (2017). Central Nervous System: Structure, Functions and Diseases. [online] Medical News Today. Available at: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/307076.php [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Science.education.nih.gov. (2017). The Brain-Lesson 3-Drugs Change the Way Neurons Communicate (Page 1 of 2). [online] Available at: https://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih2/addiction/guide/lesson3-1.html [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Steane, R. (2017). Voluntary and reflex actions. [online] Biotopics.co.uk. Available at: http://www.biotopics.co.uk/newgcse/voluntaryReflex.html [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. The Student Room. (2017). Revision:Nerve impulse transmission The Student Room. [online] Available at: https://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/wiki/Revision:Nerve_impulse_transmission [Accessed 3 Feb. 2017]. Marketing Strategies of Asda: An Analysis Marketing Strategies of Asda: An Analysis Introduction: Marketing Strategy defines objectives and describes the methods youre going to make happy customers in your target markets. It does not have to be written down but it is easier to communicate to outsiders if there is a plan, strategy. What is a Marketing strategy? The broad approach the company intends to implement in the long term to achieve its objectives. A medium to long term plan for achieving a firms marketing objectives. The means or game plan by which marketing objectives will be achieved. Concerns markets, positioning, direction of development and competitive advantage. A plan for future marketing activity. What should have to be in marketing strategies? Marketing strategy should be: Be part of the all strategies of the company. Be a clear understanding of the markets to implies the strategy. Market should be analysis first. Be based on the companys strengths. Checked the opportunities by strengths. Analysis the companys weaknesses. Act in response to threats. Be incorporated and logical. Be carefully checked out the all strategies. MOST: Components of the Strategies Mission Objectives Strategy (overall plans) Tactics short term responses to opportunities or threats Effectives on strategies: Business objectives The firms resources The firms strengths Market conditions Opportunities in the market Competition and market structure Stages in the development of marketing strategy: Objectives should have to be clear. Marketing audit should be done before implemented. Arrange the SWOT analysis Define marketing objectives Develop marketing strategies Implement marketing plans Review and realize the outcomes Prepare the next plan RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Objectives of research: I will have set objectives for my research, to outline what it is that I want to gain from my research. These objectives should be closely related to the statement of the problem. Marketing is a key area of the business to help it to develop and grow (Marketing is therefore a tool for any business). The purpose and objectives of my research is to find out why companies spend a significant on their marketing strategy and what strategies they adopt to compete with their competitors. There are two types of research objectives: General Objectives: A General Objective is a brief outline of what the researcher expects to achieve by carrying out his research For example: How the GREEN is helping to the ASDA business? How and Why ASDA spending more on their marketing? why the grocery retailers are giving the preference to get their CASH CARRY from ASDA stores? Why the ASDA has only BIG STORES? How the GEORGE is getting more clothing customers on their prices? How ASDA getting more customers from GEORGE? How ASDA marketing for GEORGE? Specific Objectives: A specific objective is where it is possible to breakdown the general objectives into smaller, logically connected parts. How ASDA can seek more business from its existing customers by aiming to grow its market share with the products that it already in its portfolio. How ASDA can seek expansion by taking its traditional product range into new markets. How ASDA can persuade existing customers that they should buy different products or services a sort of product line extension. How ASDA marketing researchers could explore the needs of customers for the products that are contemplated for the extended collection. Opportunity Meeting Objective: How can ASDA improve their existing and more offers to customers by their (the product/service, the delivery, the guarantees, the service support etc)? How can ASDA segment the market so that they can better satisfy their all customers needs? What are the best routes to ASDA marketing because they already got and knows the marketing routes? How can ASDA convince people to buy their products when they are being tempted in other directions? How can ASDA increase their sales by marketing in other territories? What changes for the packaging of the product ASDA will do to sell them? LITERATURE REVIEW The marketing mix: Marketing strategies generally fall in to following four controllable categories. Product Price Place Promotion The four Ps are the parameters that the marketing manager can control, subject to the internal and external constraints of marketing environment. The goal is to make decisions that centre the four Ps on the customers in the target market in order to create perceived value and generate a positive response. Product Contribution: The term product refers to tangible, physical products as well as services. Here are some examples of the product and how to contribute them in the marketing strategy. Brand name Functionality Styling Quality Safety Packaging Repairs and support Warranty Accessories and services Price Contribution: Some specification in price contributions is Pricing strategy (skim, penetration, etc.) Suggested retail price Volume discounts and wholesale pricing Cash and early payment discount Seasonal pricing Bundling Price flexibility Price discrimination Place Contribution: Place is about getting the products to the customers e.g. Distribution channels Market coverage (inclusive, selective, or exclusive distribution) Inventory management Warehousing Place centres Order processing Transportation Reverse logistics Promotion contribution: In the marketing mix, promotion represents the various aspects of marketing strategies that is the strategy of information about the product with the goal of generating a positive customer response. Promotional strategy (push, pull. etc) Advertising Personal selling sales force Sales promotions Public relations publicity Marketing strategies budget Every marketing strategy whenever it going to makes it will be implemented by the marketing mix and that strategy will be analysed first to fit in the marketing mix. Product Life Cycle Introduction Stage At the Introduction (or development) step market size and growth is slight. It is possible that extensive research and improvement costs have been incurred to get the product to this stage. In addition, marketing costs may be more in order to test the market, experience launch promotion and set up distribution channels. It is quite unexpected that companies will make profits on products at the Introduction Stage. Because that time company will just invest on their product that should not be the time for enough profit. Growth Stage The Growth Stage is characterized by rapid growth in sales and profits. Profits arise due to an increase in output (economies of scale) and possibly better prices. At this stage, it is cheaper for businesses to invest in increasing their market share as well as enjoying the overall growth of the market Maturity Stage The Maturity Stage is, perhaps, the most common and peek of product stage for all markets. It is in this stage that competition is most intense as companies fight to maintain their market share. Here, both marketing and finance become key activities. Marketing spend has to be monitored carefully, since any significant moves are likely to be copied by competitors. The Maturity Stage is the time when most profit is earned by the market as a whole. Any expenditure is to be restricted. Decline Stage In the Decline Stage, the market is shrinking, reducing the overall amount of profit that can be shared amongst the lasting competitors. At this stage, great care has to be taken to manage the product carefully. It may be possible to take out some production cost, to transfer production to a cheaper facility, sell the product into other, cheaper markets. SWOT ANALYSIS before Marketing: SWOT analysis is an important tool for auditing the overall marketing strategic position of a business and its environment. Because businesses dont want to waste their money and resources on the fake planning for their business. SWOT is the internal and external view of the company what theyve got, what they have to do to survive in the markets, what they can do, what they are loosing. Once key strategic issues have been identified, they feed into business objectives, particularly marketing objectives. SWOT analysis is very popular tool in business for marketing strategies because it is quick and easy way to analyze the company. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. For example, strength could be your specialist in marketing capability. A weakness could be the required for the new marker for new products which helps you to get the big market share. Opportunities and threats are external factors. For example, an opportunity could be a developing distribution channel, marketing for the products such as the Internet, or changing consumer lifestyles that Will be easy to by the things online and that would be the extra sale of the company and potentially increase demand for a companys products. A threat could be a new competitor in an important existing market or a technological change that makes existing products potentially obsolete ANSOFF MATRIX: The output from the ANSOFF product/market MATRIX is a series of suggested growth marketing strategies that set the direction for the business strategy. From the ANSOFF matrix I am getting two growth strategies which will help us for our marketing analysis to do the marketing because we are not going to launch new products this analysis is the clear eye for the company where they have to go and what they have to do (tutor2u,2010 online) Market Penetration Market penetration is the name given to a growth strategy where the business focuses and going to more marketing on selling existing products into existing markets. Market penetration seeks to achieve four main objectives: Maintain or increase the market share of current products this can be achieved by a combination of competitive pricing strategies, advertising, sales promotion and perhaps more resources dedicated to personal selling Secure dominance of growth markets Restructure a mature market by driving out competitors; this would require a much more aggressive promotional campaign, supported by a pricing strategy designed to make the market unattractive for competitors Increase usage by existing customers for example by introducing loyalty schemes A market penetration marketing strategy is very much about business as usual. The business is focusing on markets and products it knows well. It is likely to have good information on competitors and on customer needs. It is unlikely, therefore, that this strategy will require much investment in new market research. Market development Market development is the name given to a growth strategy where the business seeks to sell its existing products into new markets. There are many possible ways of approaching this strategy, including: New geographical markets; for example exporting the product to a new country New product dimensions or packaging New distribution channels Different pricing policies to attract different customers or create new market segments These are the tools to analysis the strategies before to get start the marketing, with out the strategies analysis it is like we are traveling on the road with closed eyes. After this checklist, you will find out the path which path you can adopt and where from you can get start. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Secondary data: The possibility of reanalyzing data that have already been collected for some other purpose it is called secondary data. Secondary data include both raw data and published summaries. Secondary data will probably provide the main source to answer your research question and to address your objectives. This data should be already analysis and recommended for the publish. So the secondary data will help to make your primary data to make your research meaningful and achieved. Primary data: Primary data is the data which is collected by the researcher directly from his own observations and experiences. For example, if the researcher conducts a survey for the collected of data then it is known as primary data. Primary data are those data which are collected for the first time, taking a sample, representing a population. It is not a published data, it is problem specific data collected by the researcher, first time. Methods or Ways of primary data collection: There are some methods to collect the primary data which is most important data in the research because the researcher only the one who is going to know what he/she will found against of their objectives. The primary data is just like new innovation or uncompelled information which should be helpful to meet your objectives. Now we are going to discuss the methods. Questionnaires Interviews Focus group interviews Observation Case-studies Diaries Critical incidents Portfolios. Questionnaires: Questionnaires are a popular means of collecting data, but are difficult to design and often require many rewrites before an acceptable questionnaire is produced. In the questionnaires method there are some more types of the questionnaire that would be helpful to understand the researchers objectives. Interviews: Interviewing is a technique that is primarily used to gain an understanding of the underlying reasons and motivations for peoples attitudes, preferences or behavior. Interviews can be undertaken on a personal one-to-one basis or in a group. They can be conducted at work, at home, in the street or in a shopping centre, or some other agreed location. (Sounders, 2010) This is the 2nd method to get the information and data from your interviewee and researcher can find the perfect and exact information about their research. There are different types of the interviews which can be conduct. Semi- Structured Interviews: In this type of the interview the researcher will have a list of themes and questions to be covers, although these may vary from interview to interview. The order of questions may also be varied depending on the flow of the conversation. On the other hand, additional questions may be required to explore your research question and objectives given the nature of events within particular organizations. The nature of the questions and the ensuring discussion mean that data will be recorded by note taking.(Sounders,2010) Unstructured or In-Depth Interviews: We can use these to explore in depth general areas in which I am interested. There is no predetermined list of questions to work through in this situation, although you need to have a clear idea about the aspect or aspect that you want to explore. The interviewee is given the opportunity to talk freely about events, behavior and beliefs in relation to the topic area. (Sounders, 2010) Focus group interviews: A focus group is an interview conducted by a trained moderator in a non-structured and natural manner with a small group of respondents. The moderator leads the discussion. The main purpose of focus groups is to gain insights by listening to a group of people from the appropriate target market talk about specific issues of interest. Observation: Observation is a somewhat neglected aspect of research. Observation is adding considerably to the richness of your research data. it can even be fun. If my research questions and objectives are concerned with what people do, an obvious way in which to discover this is to watch them do it. Types of Observation: Participant observation Structured observation Participant observation is qualitative and derives from the work of social anthropology early in the twentieth century. Its emphasis is on discovering the meaning that people attach to their action. This is where the researcher attempts to participate in the lives and activities of subjects and thus becomes a member of their group, organization or community. Structures observation is quantitative and is more concerned with the frequency of those actions. DATA ANALYSIS Analyzing qualitative data: Qualitative e data consist of words and observation, not numbers. As with all data, analysis and interpretation are required to bring order and understanding. This requires creativity, discipline and a systematic approach. These are no single or best way. The process will depend on: The questions you want to answer, The need of those who will use the information , and Your resources Narrative data: Test or narrative data come in many forms and from a variety of sources. You might have brief responses to open-ended question on a survey, the transcript from an interview, or the text of a published report. Your data may come from many people, a few individuals, or a single case. Any of the following may produce narrative data that require analysis Open-ended questions and written comments on questionnaires may generate single word Individual interviews can produce data in the form of notes. Discussion group or focus group interview often involve full transcripts and notes from observer. Observation might be recorded in your field notes as a result of watching and listening. Documents, reports and news articles or any published written material may serve as evaluation data. The analysis process: When we got the data what do i do? The steps are describing which will explain the narrative data analysis and interpretation. Get to know the data: The qualitative analysis, this mean i have to read and re-read the test. If i got any idea i have to write it down may be useful later. When we got the data it dose not mean those are the quality data. Sometimes information provides does not add meaning or value and may be collected in a biased way. Focus the analysis: Review the purpose of the evaluation and what you want to find out. Identify a few key questions that you want your analysis to answers. Write these down and these will help me decide how to begin. These questions may change as you work with the data, will help me get started Categorize information: Some people refer to categorizing information as coding the data or indexing the data. However, categorizing does not involve assigning numerical codes as you do in quantitative analysis where you label exclusive variables with preset codes or values. Identify patterns and connections within and between categories: As you organize the data into categorize either by any way we will begin to see patterns and connections both within and between the categories. Assessing the relative importance of different themes or highlighting subtle variations may be important to your analysis. Interpretation bringing it all together: Interpreting the data attaching meaning and significance to the analysis. A good place to start is to develop a list of key points or important finding you discovered as a result of categorizing and sorting your data. For the researcher this is the main caring point where they have to analyse the data what they collected because they are going to publish a report or making the dissertation they need the solid and realistic data from their primary and secondary data collection. Collecting the data and analyse for the right and authentic data. They have to go through the entire analysis step for their qualitative data. Analysing quantitative data Statistic analysis could be involved to analyse the quantitative data. There are some common mathematical techniques that can be make the evaluation data to more understandable, this called the descriptive statistic because they help to describe the raw data. And these methods includes. Numerical counting. Percentages. Measures of central tendency. Measures of variability. There are some steps which are using in analysis of quantitative data. State your research questions in a clear, precise way.   If your main question(s) imply other questions, state these as sub-questions. Determine what kinds of comparisons you need to make in order to answer your questions. What variables do you need to measure? Are you interested in differences between groups?   Correlations between variables?    This step will often help to clarify the research question! Decide how to assess each variable, and verify what kind of variable it is. This will help you decide what kind of comparisons you will want to make. Set up blank tables. Devise a research method and gather your data. Summarize your data in such a way that you can fill in the blanks in your tables. (Analyze your data.) Interpret your data:   What is the answer to each of your questions?   What kind of argument will you make? Make your argument. In my research there is not too much data which I have to analyze to quantitatively, because I am writing the report about the marketing strategies, I am not doing the financial analysis or making the report of the ASDA finance report. Where ever I need it I will be analyze it then I will use that. Research presentation Presenting the research: The last step in market research is the presentation of a formal plan. At this stage, the marketing researcher should summarize the plan in a written proposal to management. A written proposal is especially important when the research project will be large and complex or when an outside concerned concern it out. The proposal should cover the company problems addressed and the research objectives, the information to be obtained, the sources of secondary information or methods for collecting primary data, and the ways the results will help for company decision making for the implementation. A written research plan or proposal makes sure that the marketing manager and researchers have consider all the important aspect of the research and that they agree on why and how the research will be done. Recommendation: The best way to find out the ways or methods to collect the perfection in primary data. Because I am searching some thing better, perfect and solid for my research topic and the primary data is first time collected from the researcher. And I have to find out the best tools for the marketing which is affected for the company for best marketing. If we follow the all primary data collection method we can get the knowledgeable and soled data for our research. I describe the objectives of the ASDA stores which I have to search out will be credible for my research. And the analysis of the data is very important because we can get the data from every where and any kind of the data. But to get the realized and perfect we have to analysis first and apply all the methods. Conclusion: For my research I will be looking into the strategy that ASDA, one of Britains leading supermarkets has adopted. Writing clear objectives is the most important step in designing qualitative marketing research. I am very intrigued as to how customers are being drawn in to the Asda brand and why it has been known for some of the most memorable advertising campaigns. After carrying out this research I will have an extensive knowledge about marketing strategies, and how they work. I will be gathering together data (which need to be collected) and then I will analyze it. This will allow me to implement the data and answer my objectives.